Phylogenetic phytogeography of selected groups of seagrasses (Monocotylendoneae - Alismatales) based on analysing of genes 5.8S rRNA and RuBisCo large subunit

Seagrasses are representatives of the families Cymodoceaceae, Posidoniaceae, Zosteraceae, Hydrocharitaceae (Monocotylendoneae - Alismatales), adapted to growing in seawaters and all their important life circle events taking place under water including pollination distribution diasporas. widespread littoral areas World Ocean, except for Antarctica, play an ecosystem role. Due insufficiently studied history dispersal formation modern seagrasses habitats, we carried out a phylogenetic analysis Cymodoceaceae (Amphibolis, Halodule, Syringodium, Cymodocea, Thalassodendron), Posidoniaceae (Posidonia), Zosteraceae (Zostera, Phyllospadix), (Enhalus, Halophila, Thalassia). The cladograms constructed based on molecular data 5.8S ribosomal RNA ribulose–1,5–bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit genes used as basis reconstructing taxa. It is found that main stages selected groups took Late Cretaceous period. track historical largely predetermined by ranges almost genera seagrasses, stretches from southwestern waters eastern Gondwana northwestern Eurasian part Laurasia. route movement diasporas populations was Tethys area, which modified Mesozoic early Cenozoic. revealed method long-distance dispersal, confirmed both genetic very fast (on geological time scale) processes penetration into new areas, features dissemination representatives. An alternative vicar scenario proposed only reconstruction Posidonia range.